These fingers include the index, middle, ring, and pinkie fingers. Mar 27, 2015 the flexor digitorum superficialis is an extrinsic muscle that allows the four medial fingers of the hand to flex. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle originates from the ulna, which is the long bone on the pinkyside of the forearm. Flexes middle phalanges at pip joints of digits 25. The bulk of the muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm. The flexor digitorum superficialis is a superficial anterior muscle of the forearm. The flexor digitorum profundus lies directly beneath the flexor digitorum superficialis. Like the majority of the muscles in this compartment, it originates via common extensor tendon that arises from the lateral epicondyle of humerus. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle definition of flexor. It can sometimes be classed as a superficial muscle, but in most cadavers it lies between the deep and superficial muscle layers. Flexor digitorum superficialis origin medial epicondyle of the humerus, ulnar head medial coronoid process, radial head upper twothirds of anterior border of radius just distal to the radial tuberosity.
Extra origin of palmaris longus muscle from the intermuscular septum between it and flexor digitorum superficial muscle arrow showing the origin. Origin medial olecranon, upper three quarters of anterior and medial surface of ulna as far round as subcutaneous border and narrow strip of interosseous membrane. The flexor digitorum superficialis or flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, latin. It is sometimes considered to be the deepest part of the superficial layer of this compartment, and sometimes considered to be a distinct, intermediate layer of this compartment.
Its important to highlight that the action of this single muscle opposes the actions of two flexors of the fingers. Attaches to the anteromedial surface of the ulna and from the ulna half of the interosseus membrane. Flexor digitorum superficialis flexion of proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 25 flexion of metacarpophalangeal joints of digits 25 flexion of the wrist. Flexor digitorum superficialis radiology reference. Muscular branches and the anterior interosseous artery from the. Insertion tendons split to insert onto sides of middle phalanges of medial four fingers. It splits into four tendons, passes through the carpal tunnel under the flexor retinaculum. The muscle originates in the upper part of the ulna bone. May 11, 2020 origin and insertion extensor digitorum is a superficial muscle of the posterior compartment of the forearm. The flexor digitorum profundus is a deep muscle of the anterior forearm. The flexor digitorum superficialis is a muscle contained within the anterior compartment of the forearm, located on the palm side of the arm.
The brevis tendon then splits allowing the longus tendon to pass through and reach its insertion at the base of the distal phalanx. It belongs to the superficial flexors of the forearm, together with pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris and palmaris longus. The tendon of the muscle passes through the carpal tunnel below the flexor retinaculum. C7, c8, t1 median nerve flexor digitorum superficialis branches.
It is the only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers. Distal to the metatarsophalangeal join the tendons enter fibrous sheaths with the respective flexor digitorum tendon which lie superficial. Flexor digitorum superficialis is the largest muscle of the anterior compartment of the forearm. Attaches by 4 tendons into the middle phalanges of fingers 25. Flexor digitorum superficialis anatomical portfolio. Fdp is dorsal to fds in the volar aspect of the forearm insertion. Together the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, and flexor digitorum profundus form the deep layer of. The flexor digitorum superficialis originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Flexion of the digits at proximal interphalangeal joints and. Ulnar nerve c8, t1 and anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve blood supply.
Attachments of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle. For grades 02, palpate the fds on the palmar surface of the wrist between the flexor palmaris longus and the flexor carpi ulnaris. Multiligamentous injury of the elbow with instability. Use the other hand to resist the head distal end of the middle phalanx of the test finger in the direction of extension. The superficial part comes to the surface at numerous locations, hut can just sometimes be seen directly, when the fist is clenched, in the long narrow periods in between the flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi ulnaris. Together the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, and flexor digitorum profundus form the deep layer of ventral forearm muscles. The muscle flexes the second phalanx of each finger and, by continued action, the hand. Volar surface of the distal phalanx of the four digits actions. Aug 08, 2018 the flexor digitorum superficialis is a broad, relatively large muscle layer in the forearm, primarily deep however partially superficial. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle definition of flexor. The flexor digitorum longus muscle is located on the inner side of the leg by the tibia. Another variation observed by us was the fusion of the palmaris longus belly with the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, though out its extent fig. Some sources alternatively classify this muscle as an independent middleintermediate layer of the anterior forearm, found.
As its name suggests, the main function of extensor digitorum is the extension of four medial fingers in metacarpophalangeal and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints. Flexor digitorum longus muscle attachments, actions. It inserts at the distal phalanges in the tips of the fingers. Flexor carpi radialis flexion of wrist abduction of wrist medial epicondyle of humerus 2nd and 3rd metacarpal base median nerve. Nerve recurrent muscular branch of median nerve c8, t1 may also be from deep branch of ulnar nerve t1. Find out in this lesson as you go over the origin, insertion, and actions of the flexor digitorum. Often, two branches from the median nerve innervate the fds proximal and distal. Further, it splits into four tendons that insert at the bases of the intermediate phalanges of the second to fifth digits. Proximal 34 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion. Origin flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium. At the level of the head of the metacarpal, the fds tendons split and wrap around the flexor digitorum profundus creating an. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle synonyms, flexor digitorum superficialis muscle pronunciation, flexor digitorum superficialis muscle translation, english dictionary definition of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle. Flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum sublimis is an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints it is in the anterior compartment of the forearm. Start studying anatomy flexor digitorum superficialis muscle.
Each tendon splits and attaches to the sides of the middle phalanx of four fingers palmer surface. Flexor digitorum superficialis origin medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, and the anterior of the radius flexor digitorum superficialis insertion. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle belongs to the deep layer of the forearm flexors. Common flexor tendon from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow joint, and deep antebrachial fascia. The flexor digitorum profundus originates from the. A small portion of the belly comes to the surface on the inside of the forearm, between the radius and the flexor digitorum superficialis. At the wrist, it splits into four tendons, that pass through the carpal tunnel. It is found in the palm side of the forearm and wrist. May 11, 2020 flexor digitorum superficialis arises at two origin pointsheads. Flexor digitorum superficialis is sometimes also known as flexor digitorum sublimis. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle doccheck flexikon. Flexes the terminal phalanges of each finger and extends the hand.
Flexor digitorum superficialis everything you need to know. Flexor digitorum superficialis anatomy orthobullets. Humeroulnar head medial epicondyl of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna radial head oblique line of the radius anterior surface insertion. The origin of the muscle lies in the anterior surface of the ulna and in the palmar side of the interosseous membrane of the forearm. The muscles long tendons extend over the wrist and the metacarpals of the hand. The flexor digitorum profundus is a muscle in the forearm of humans that flexes the fingers also known as digits. Original research article agenesis and variations of. Flexor digitorum superficialis fds, also known as flexor digitorum sublimis, is a muscle in the second intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm. Muscular branches and the anterior interosseous artery from the ulnar artery and muscular. Insertion base of proximal phalanx of thumb via radial sesamoid action flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb. The flexor digitorum superficialis is a superficial digits flexor. The muscle descends almost vertically, passes through the carpal tunnel. The flexor digitorum profundus muscle is found in the deep layer of the anterior forearm.
Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle getbodysmart. Flexor digitorum brevis mpn abductor digiti minimi lpn 2nd plantar layer. Some sources alternatively classify this muscle as an independent middleintermediate layer of the anterior forearm, found between the superficial and. The flexor digitorum profundus originates from the anterior surface of the ulna and from the interosseous membrane. The flexor digitorum profundus helps flex the fingers. Attach to the distal phalanges of the four fingers. Mar 24, 2015 the flexor digitorum profundus helps flex the fingers. Hold all fingers except the one being tested in extension at all joints.
Flexor digitorum sublimis definition of flexor digitorum. The lumbricals arise distal to the attachment of the flexor accessorius. Of the eight muscles found here, five are considered to be in the superficial layer, or close to the skin, and three are in the deep layer, or close to the bone. At the level of the head of the metacarpal, the fds tendons split and wrap around. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum sublimis is an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints. However because it crosses the wrist joint, it also aids flexion of the wrist. It is considered an extrinsic hand muscle because it acts on the hand while its muscle belly is located in the forearm. Origin, humeroulnar head from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the medial border of the coronoid process, and a tendinous arch between these points, radial head from the oblique line and middle third of the lateral border of the radius. Flexor digitorum superficialis radiology reference article. Anatomy flexor digitorum superficialis muscle flashcards. The flexor digitorum superficialis is a muscle that helps to flex your fingers. However, it is considered a hand muscle because it is primarily used for hand functionality. The flexor digitorum superficialis passes vertically downwards, through the carpal tunnel or carpal channel.
Ebraheims educational animated video describes the anatomy of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle. The flexor digitorum profundus belly is located in the forearm. Dec 22, 2014 the muscle anatomy of the flexor digitorum superficialis origin, insertion, action, innervation and vascular supply. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle origin, anatomy. Abductor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor pollicis longus. Flexor digitorum sublimis muscle definition of flexor.
It is sometimes considered to be the deepest part of the superficial layer of this compartment, 1 2 and sometimes considered to be a distinct. Here we discuss its origin, insertion, innervation and function. The flexor digitorum profundus or flexor digitorum profundus muscle, latin. Compare flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, pronator teres. Flexor digitorum profundus copyright american academy of. The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle is the only muscle of the intermediate compartment. Anteromedial surfaces of the superior threequarters of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane insertion. Flexor digitorum superficialis definition of flexor.
Flexor digitorum profundus muscle origin, insertion. Flexor digitorum superficialis from this point a fibrous arch continues the origin across to the radius, where the muscle arises from the whole length of the anterior oblique line radial head. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle view related images. Contraction of flexor digitorum superficialis can be felt by applying deep pressure through the superficial flexor muscles in the supper part of the. Jul 06, 2015 the flexor digitorum profundus muscle is found in the deep layer of the anterior forearm.
Medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon, anterior surface of ulnar collateral ligament, medial surface of the coronoid process humeroulnar head. Flexes distal phalanges at distal interphalangeal joints of medial four digits. Flexor digitorum superficialis is primarily a flexor of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. It can sometimes be classed as a superficial layer muscle, but in most cadavers, it lies between the deep and superficial layers of the muscle. Originates from the ulna and associated interosseous membrane. The flexor digitorum superficialis is the only muscle of the intermediate compartment. Flexor digitorum superficialis peripheral nerve surgery. Specifically, this muscle originates from the front. Via four tendons attaching to the anterior surface of the middle phalanx of digits 25 actions.
791 1174 358 549 531 1449 372 1052 674 178 225 118 23 148 1616 845 1179 416 378 938 387 1589 64 795 63 753 996 802 468 840 239 1314 430 209 566 223 55 902